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Libya is a country in North Africa, it is located on the south coast of the Mediterranean and neighbors Egypt, Sudan, Chad, Niger, Algeria and Tunisia. Its area totals 1,759,541 square kilometers.

Libya was a part of Carthage, the Ancient Rome, the Arab Empire and the Ottoman Empire in succession; in 1912 Italy defeated the Ottoman Empire and made Libya its colony; after World War II, Libya became independent in 1951 and established the federal system Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. In 1963 the federal system was cancelled and the country was renamed as the Kingdom of Libya. In September 1969, the "Free Military Officer Organization" led by Gaddafi launched a coup and established the Libyan Arab Republic and then changed the country’s name into the Great Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. In 2011, the anti-Gaddafi's Libyan civil war broke out and Gaddafi regime fell from power. In May 2013, the country name was changed to Libya, but there were still constant conflicts.

Libya implements a single state-owned economy on a long-term basis and, by relying on a wealth of oil resources, was once the richest country in Africa, but the turmoil caused stagnant oil exports. After the civil war came to an end, the Libyan central government set up special armed forces for protection of oil fields, and oil production and export volume was nearly restored to the pre-war level. However, in the second half of 2013, Jared, a troop leader who protected oil, fell out with the central government and controlled major oil fields and ports in the middle and eastern part. Libya saw a sharp decrease in its oil exports.