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Republic of Uzbekistan, referred to as Uzbekistan short, is a landlocked country located in Central Asia. It become independent from the former Soviet Union in 1991. It is one of the two dual landlocked countries in the world (the other is Liechtenstein).

Uzbekistan has a long history. From the 9th century to the 11th century, Uzbek ethnic groups gradually formed, including Turkic people and East Iranians, and Kala Khanate and Ghazeni dynasty were established. In the 13th century it was conquered by the Mongols. In the mid-14th century, the Turks Amir Timur established a huge empire with the capital of Samarkand. From the 16th to the 18th century, Uzbek people established Bukhara Khanate, Khiva Khanate and Kokand Khanate. In the 1960s and 1970s, part of the territory was incorporated into Russia. From 1917 to 1918 the Soviet regime was established. In 1924 the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was established and incorporated into the Soviet Union. It declared its independence on August 31, 1991 and was recognized on December 8 of the same year.

Like many other CIS economies,Uzbekistan saw decline of its economic transition during the first few years and began to recover after 1995 thanks to the cumulative effect of policy reforms that began to function. The country is now the world's sixth largest cotton producer and the second largest cotton exporter, and the world's seventh largest gold producer. While Ukraine is also the region's major gas, coal, copper, oil, silver and uranium producing country. The country is also a unique example of a smooth transition from a planned economy to a market economy.

Uzbekistan is a famous ancient country with "Silk Road" , and had contact with China through the "Silk Road" in the history.